PoplarV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 001E00

Effects of omega-3 PUFA on the vitamin E and glutathione antioxidant defense system in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis.

Identifieur interne : 001E00 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001D99; suivant : 001E01

Effects of omega-3 PUFA on the vitamin E and glutathione antioxidant defense system in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis.

Auteurs : Stefan Smesny [Allemagne] ; Berko Milleit [Allemagne] ; Miriam R. Schaefer [Australie] ; Uta-Christina Hipler [Allemagne] ; Christine Milleit [Allemagne] ; Cornelia Wiegand [Allemagne] ; Jana Hesse [Allemagne] ; Claudia M. Klier [Autriche] ; Magdalena Holub [Autriche] ; Ingrid Holzer [Autriche] ; Michael Berk [Australie] ; Patrick D. Mcgorry [Australie] ; Heinrich Sauer [Allemagne] ; G Paul Amminger [Australie]

Source :

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids [ 1532-2823 ] ; 2015.

RBID : pubmed:26260538

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Acides gras (administration et posologie), Acides gras (pharmacologie), Acides gras omega-3 (administration et posologie), Acides gras omega-3 (pharmacologie), Adolescent (MeSH), Adulte (MeSH), Analyse multifactorielle (MeSH), Antioxydants (administration et posologie), Antioxydants (analyse), Femelle (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Jeune adulte (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Résultat thérapeutique (MeSH), Troubles psychotiques (traitement médicamenteux), Vitamine E (administration et posologie), Vitamine E (analyse), alpha-Tocophérol (administration et posologie), alpha-Tocophérol (analyse), Études longitudinales (MeSH), Études transversales (MeSH).
MESH :
- administration et posologie : Acides gras, Acides gras omega-3, Antioxydants, Vitamine E, alpha-Tocophérol.
- analyse : Antioxydants, Vitamine E, alpha-Tocophérol.
- pharmacologie : Acides gras, Acides gras omega-3.
- traitement médicamenteux : Troubles psychotiques.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Analyse multifactorielle, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Résultat thérapeutique, Études longitudinales, Études transversales.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adult (MeSH), Antioxidants (administration & dosage), Antioxidants (analysis), Cross-Sectional Studies (MeSH), Fatty Acids (administration & dosage), Fatty Acids (pharmacology), Fatty Acids, Omega-3 (administration & dosage), Fatty Acids, Omega-3 (pharmacology), Female (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Longitudinal Studies (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Multivariate Analysis (MeSH), Psychotic Disorders (drug therapy), Treatment Outcome (MeSH), Vitamin E (administration & dosage), Vitamin E (analysis), Young Adult (MeSH), alpha-Tocopherol (administration & dosage), alpha-Tocopherol (analysis).
MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Antioxidants, Fatty Acids, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Vitamin E, alpha-Tocopherol.
- chemical , analysis : Antioxidants, Vitamin E, alpha-Tocopherol.
- chemical , pharmacology : Fatty Acids, Fatty Acids, Omega-3.
- drug therapy : Psychotic Disorders.
- Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defenses are reported in schizophrenia and are associated with disturbed neurodevelopment, brain structural alterations, glutamatergic imbalance, increased negative symptoms, and cognitive impairment. There is evidence that oxidative stress predates the onset of acute psychotic illness. Here, we investigate the effects of omega-3 PUFA on the vitamin E and glutathione antioxidant defense system (AODS).

METHOD

In 64 help-seeking UHR-individuals (13-25 years of age), vitamin E levels and glutathione were investigated before and after 12 weeks of treatment with either 1.2g/d omega-3 (PUFA-E) or saturated fatty acids (SFA-E), with each condition also containing 30.4mg/d alpha-tocopherol to ensure absorption without additional oxidative risk.

RESULTS

In multivariate tests, the effects on the AODS (alpha-tocopherol, total glutathione) were not significantly different (p=0.13, p=0.11, respectively) between treatment conditions. According to univariate findings, only PUFA-E caused a significant alpha-tocopherol increase, while PUFA-E and SFA-E caused a significant gamma- and delta-tocopherol decrease. Total glutathione (GSHt) was decreased by PUFA-E supplementation.

CONCLUSION

Effects of the PUFA-E condition on the vitamin E and glutathione AODS could be mechanisms underlying its clinical effectiveness. In terms of the vitamin E protection system, PUFA-E seems to directly support the antioxidative defense at membrane level. The effect of PUFA-E on GSHt is not yet fully understood, but could reflect antioxidative effects, resulting in decreased demand for glutathione. It is still necessary to further clarify which type of PUFA/antioxidant combination, and in which dose, is effective at each stage of psychotic illness.

DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2015.07.001
PubMed: 26260538

Affiliations:

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<author><name sortKey="Berk, Michael" sort="Berk, Michael" uniqKey="Berk M" first="Michael" last="Berk">Michael Berk</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Mcgorry, Patrick D" sort="Mcgorry, Patrick D" uniqKey="Mcgorry P" first="Patrick D" last="Mcgorry">Patrick D. Mcgorry</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Amminger, G Paul" sort="Amminger, G Paul" uniqKey="Amminger G" first="G Paul" last="Amminger">G Paul Amminger</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Effects of omega-3 PUFA on the vitamin E and glutathione antioxidant defense system in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Smesny, Stefan" sort="Smesny, Stefan" uniqKey="Smesny S" first="Stefan" last="Smesny">Stefan Smesny</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: stefan.smesny@med.uni-jena.de.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, D-07743 Jena</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>D-07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Milleit, Berko" sort="Milleit, Berko" uniqKey="Milleit B" first="Berko" last="Milleit">Berko Milleit</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Thueringen-Kliniken GmbH, Rainweg 68, 07318 Saalfeld/Saale, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Thueringen-Kliniken GmbH, Rainweg 68, 07318 Saalfeld/Saale</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>07318 Saalfeld/Saale</wicri:noRegion>
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<wicri:noRegion>07318 Saalfeld/Saale</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Schaefer, Miriam R" sort="Schaefer, Miriam R" uniqKey="Schaefer M" first="Miriam R" last="Schaefer">Miriam R. Schaefer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hipler, Uta Christina" sort="Hipler, Uta Christina" uniqKey="Hipler U" first="Uta-Christina" last="Hipler">Uta-Christina Hipler</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07743 Jena, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07743 Jena</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>D-07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Milleit, Christine" sort="Milleit, Christine" uniqKey="Milleit C" first="Christine" last="Milleit">Christine Milleit</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07743 Jena, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
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<wicri:noRegion>07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>D-07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wiegand, Cornelia" sort="Wiegand, Cornelia" uniqKey="Wiegand C" first="Cornelia" last="Wiegand">Cornelia Wiegand</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07743 Jena, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07743 Jena</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>D-07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hesse, Jana" sort="Hesse, Jana" uniqKey="Hesse J" first="Jana" last="Hesse">Jana Hesse</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07743 Jena, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07743 Jena</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>D-07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Klier, Claudia M" sort="Klier, Claudia M" uniqKey="Klier C" first="Claudia M" last="Klier">Claudia M. Klier</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>A-1090 Vienna</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Holub, Magdalena" sort="Holub, Magdalena" uniqKey="Holub M" first="Magdalena" last="Holub">Magdalena Holub</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>A-1090 Vienna</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Holzer, Ingrid" sort="Holzer, Ingrid" uniqKey="Holzer I" first="Ingrid" last="Holzer">Ingrid Holzer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>A-1090 Vienna</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Berk, Michael" sort="Berk, Michael" uniqKey="Berk M" first="Michael" last="Berk">Michael Berk</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria, Australia; IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University of Melbourne, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria, Australia; IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University of Melbourne, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement>
<region type="état">Victoria (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mcgorry, Patrick D" sort="Mcgorry, Patrick D" uniqKey="Mcgorry P" first="Patrick D" last="Mcgorry">Patrick D. Mcgorry</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement>
<region type="état">Victoria (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sauer, Heinrich" sort="Sauer, Heinrich" uniqKey="Sauer H" first="Heinrich" last="Sauer">Heinrich Sauer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, D-07743 Jena</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>D-07743 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Amminger, G Paul" sort="Amminger, G Paul" uniqKey="Amminger G" first="G Paul" last="Amminger">G Paul Amminger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1532-2823</idno>
<imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term>
<term>Adult (MeSH)</term>
<term>Antioxidants (administration & dosage)</term>
<term>Antioxidants (analysis)</term>
<term>Cross-Sectional Studies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Fatty Acids (administration & dosage)</term>
<term>Fatty Acids (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Fatty Acids, Omega-3 (administration & dosage)</term>
<term>Fatty Acids, Omega-3 (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Female (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Longitudinal Studies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Male (MeSH)</term>
<term>Multivariate Analysis (MeSH)</term>
<term>Psychotic Disorders (drug therapy)</term>
<term>Treatment Outcome (MeSH)</term>
<term>Vitamin E (administration & dosage)</term>
<term>Vitamin E (analysis)</term>
<term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term>
<term>alpha-Tocopherol (administration & dosage)</term>
<term>alpha-Tocopherol (analysis)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acides gras (administration et posologie)</term>
<term>Acides gras (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Acides gras omega-3 (administration et posologie)</term>
<term>Acides gras omega-3 (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term>
<term>Adulte (MeSH)</term>
<term>Analyse multifactorielle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Antioxydants (administration et posologie)</term>
<term>Antioxydants (analyse)</term>
<term>Femelle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humains (MeSH)</term>
<term>Jeune adulte (MeSH)</term>
<term>Mâle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Résultat thérapeutique (MeSH)</term>
<term>Troubles psychotiques (traitement médicamenteux)</term>
<term>Vitamine E (administration et posologie)</term>
<term>Vitamine E (analyse)</term>
<term>alpha-Tocophérol (administration et posologie)</term>
<term>alpha-Tocophérol (analyse)</term>
<term>Études longitudinales (MeSH)</term>
<term>Études transversales (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Antioxidants</term>
<term>Fatty Acids</term>
<term>Fatty Acids, Omega-3</term>
<term>Vitamin E</term>
<term>alpha-Tocopherol</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Antioxidants</term>
<term>Vitamin E</term>
<term>alpha-Tocopherol</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Fatty Acids</term>
<term>Fatty Acids, Omega-3</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acides gras</term>
<term>Acides gras omega-3</term>
<term>Antioxydants</term>
<term>Vitamine E</term>
<term>alpha-Tocophérol</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analyse" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antioxydants</term>
<term>Vitamine E</term>
<term>alpha-Tocophérol</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Psychotic Disorders</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acides gras</term>
<term>Acides gras omega-3</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Troubles psychotiques</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Longitudinal Studies</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Multivariate Analysis</term>
<term>Treatment Outcome</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adulte</term>
<term>Analyse multifactorielle</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Jeune adulte</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Résultat thérapeutique</term>
<term>Études longitudinales</term>
<term>Études transversales</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b>
</p>
<p>Oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defenses are reported in schizophrenia and are associated with disturbed neurodevelopment, brain structural alterations, glutamatergic imbalance, increased negative symptoms, and cognitive impairment. There is evidence that oxidative stress predates the onset of acute psychotic illness. Here, we investigate the effects of omega-3 PUFA on the vitamin E and glutathione antioxidant defense system (AODS).</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHOD</b>
</p>
<p>In 64 help-seeking UHR-individuals (13-25 years of age), vitamin E levels and glutathione were investigated before and after 12 weeks of treatment with either 1.2g/d omega-3 (PUFA-E) or saturated fatty acids (SFA-E), with each condition also containing 30.4mg/d alpha-tocopherol to ensure absorption without additional oxidative risk.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b>
</p>
<p>In multivariate tests, the effects on the AODS (alpha-tocopherol, total glutathione) were not significantly different (p=0.13, p=0.11, respectively) between treatment conditions. According to univariate findings, only PUFA-E caused a significant alpha-tocopherol increase, while PUFA-E and SFA-E caused a significant gamma- and delta-tocopherol decrease. Total glutathione (GSHt) was decreased by PUFA-E supplementation.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>
</p>
<p>Effects of the PUFA-E condition on the vitamin E and glutathione AODS could be mechanisms underlying its clinical effectiveness. In terms of the vitamin E protection system, PUFA-E seems to directly support the antioxidative defense at membrane level. The effect of PUFA-E on GSHt is not yet fully understood, but could reflect antioxidative effects, resulting in decreased demand for glutathione. It is still necessary to further clarify which type of PUFA/antioxidant combination, and in which dose, is effective at each stage of psychotic illness.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26260538</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>09</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>24</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1532-2823</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>101</Volume>
<PubDate><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>Oct</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Effects of omega-3 PUFA on the vitamin E and glutathione antioxidant defense system in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>15-21</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.plefa.2015.07.001</ELocationID>
<ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0952-3278(15)00135-0</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defenses are reported in schizophrenia and are associated with disturbed neurodevelopment, brain structural alterations, glutamatergic imbalance, increased negative symptoms, and cognitive impairment. There is evidence that oxidative stress predates the onset of acute psychotic illness. Here, we investigate the effects of omega-3 PUFA on the vitamin E and glutathione antioxidant defense system (AODS).</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="METHOD" NlmCategory="METHODS">In 64 help-seeking UHR-individuals (13-25 years of age), vitamin E levels and glutathione were investigated before and after 12 weeks of treatment with either 1.2g/d omega-3 (PUFA-E) or saturated fatty acids (SFA-E), with each condition also containing 30.4mg/d alpha-tocopherol to ensure absorption without additional oxidative risk.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">In multivariate tests, the effects on the AODS (alpha-tocopherol, total glutathione) were not significantly different (p=0.13, p=0.11, respectively) between treatment conditions. According to univariate findings, only PUFA-E caused a significant alpha-tocopherol increase, while PUFA-E and SFA-E caused a significant gamma- and delta-tocopherol decrease. Total glutathione (GSHt) was decreased by PUFA-E supplementation.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Effects of the PUFA-E condition on the vitamin E and glutathione AODS could be mechanisms underlying its clinical effectiveness. In terms of the vitamin E protection system, PUFA-E seems to directly support the antioxidative defense at membrane level. The effect of PUFA-E on GSHt is not yet fully understood, but could reflect antioxidative effects, resulting in decreased demand for glutathione. It is still necessary to further clarify which type of PUFA/antioxidant combination, and in which dose, is effective at each stage of psychotic illness.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Smesny</LastName>
<ForeName>Stefan</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: stefan.smesny@med.uni-jena.de.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Milleit</LastName>
<ForeName>Berko</ForeName>
<Initials>B</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Thueringen-Kliniken GmbH, Rainweg 68, 07318 Saalfeld/Saale, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schaefer</LastName>
<ForeName>Miriam R</ForeName>
<Initials>MR</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hipler</LastName>
<ForeName>Uta-Christina</ForeName>
<Initials>UC</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07743 Jena, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Milleit</LastName>
<ForeName>Christine</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07743 Jena, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wiegand</LastName>
<ForeName>Cornelia</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07743 Jena, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hesse</LastName>
<ForeName>Jana</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07743 Jena, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Klier</LastName>
<ForeName>Claudia M</ForeName>
<Initials>CM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Holub</LastName>
<ForeName>Magdalena</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Holzer</LastName>
<ForeName>Ingrid</ForeName>
<Initials>I</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Berk</LastName>
<ForeName>Michael</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria, Australia; IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University of Melbourne, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McGorry</LastName>
<ForeName>Patrick D</ForeName>
<Initials>PD</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sauer</LastName>
<ForeName>Heinrich</ForeName>
<Initials>H</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Amminger</LastName>
<ForeName>G Paul</ForeName>
<Initials>GP</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Victoria, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>07</Month>
<Day>21</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Scotland</Country>
<MedlineTA>Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>8802730</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>0952-3278</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D000975">Antioxidants</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D005227">Fatty Acids</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D015525">Fatty Acids, Omega-3</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>1406-18-4</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D014810">Vitamin E</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>H4N855PNZ1</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D024502">alpha-Tocopherol</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000975" MajorTopicYN="N">Antioxidants</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="N">administration & dosage</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003430" MajorTopicYN="N">Cross-Sectional Studies</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005227" MajorTopicYN="N">Fatty Acids</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="N">administration & dosage</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015525" MajorTopicYN="N">Fatty Acids, Omega-3</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="Y">administration & dosage</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008137" MajorTopicYN="N">Longitudinal Studies</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015999" MajorTopicYN="N">Multivariate Analysis</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011618" MajorTopicYN="N">Psychotic Disorders</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug therapy</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016896" MajorTopicYN="N">Treatment Outcome</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014810" MajorTopicYN="N">Vitamin E</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="N">administration & dosage</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D024502" MajorTopicYN="N">alpha-Tocopherol</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="N">administration & dosage</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">At-risk mental state</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Follow-up</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Longitudinal</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Omega-3 fatty acids</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Oxidative stress</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Schizophrenia</Keyword>
</KeywordList>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
<Day>21</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>07</Month>
<Day>10</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>07</Month>
<Day>13</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>8</Month>
<Day>12</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>8</Month>
<Day>12</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>6</Month>
<Day>10</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
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<ArticleId IdType="pii">S0952-3278(15)00135-0</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.plefa.2015.07.001</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
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</pubmed>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li>
<li>Australie</li>
<li>Autriche</li>
</country>
<region><li>Victoria (État)</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Melbourne</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université de Melbourne</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Smesny, Stefan" sort="Smesny, Stefan" uniqKey="Smesny S" first="Stefan" last="Smesny">Stefan Smesny</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Hesse, Jana" sort="Hesse, Jana" uniqKey="Hesse J" first="Jana" last="Hesse">Jana Hesse</name>
<name sortKey="Hipler, Uta Christina" sort="Hipler, Uta Christina" uniqKey="Hipler U" first="Uta-Christina" last="Hipler">Uta-Christina Hipler</name>
<name sortKey="Milleit, Berko" sort="Milleit, Berko" uniqKey="Milleit B" first="Berko" last="Milleit">Berko Milleit</name>
<name sortKey="Milleit, Christine" sort="Milleit, Christine" uniqKey="Milleit C" first="Christine" last="Milleit">Christine Milleit</name>
<name sortKey="Sauer, Heinrich" sort="Sauer, Heinrich" uniqKey="Sauer H" first="Heinrich" last="Sauer">Heinrich Sauer</name>
<name sortKey="Wiegand, Cornelia" sort="Wiegand, Cornelia" uniqKey="Wiegand C" first="Cornelia" last="Wiegand">Cornelia Wiegand</name>
</country>
<country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Schaefer, Miriam R" sort="Schaefer, Miriam R" uniqKey="Schaefer M" first="Miriam R" last="Schaefer">Miriam R. Schaefer</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Amminger, G Paul" sort="Amminger, G Paul" uniqKey="Amminger G" first="G Paul" last="Amminger">G Paul Amminger</name>
<name sortKey="Berk, Michael" sort="Berk, Michael" uniqKey="Berk M" first="Michael" last="Berk">Michael Berk</name>
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   |texte=   Effects of omega-3 PUFA on the vitamin E and glutathione antioxidant defense system in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis.
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Effects of omega-3 PUFA on the vitamin E and glutathione antioxidant defense system in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis.

Effects of omega-3 PUFA on the vitamin E and glutathione antioxidant defense system in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis.

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